La prueba de originalidad en obras creadas en tiempos de I.A. generativa: el papel de las instrucciones (prompts) en el derecho de autor y el destino del autor “de vieja escuela”
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.62407/rces.v3i5.141Palabras clave:
Inteligencia artificial- IA, derecho de autor, prueba, instrucciones, elecciones creativas, jurisprudenciaResumen
La inteligencia artificial (I.A.) generativa tiene un gran impacto en el derecho de autor. En particular, se ha planteado la cuestión de hasta qué punto el uso de instrucciones (prompts) puede dar lugar a la protección de los resultados de herramientas de I.A. A partir de los criterios para la protección del derecho de autor en la Unión Europea y en Estados Unidos, esta contribución analiza casos juzgados en ambos ordenamientos jurídicos, así como un caso piloto chino, y predice que, en un futuro próximo, es probable que el poder judicial confirmará, caso por caso, la protección del derecho de autor en obras creadas por personas físicas mediante la mera provisión de instrucciones. La I.A. generativa hace que sea imposible saber, a primera vista, si una obra está creada por una persona física con suficientes intervenciones creativas y, por lo tanto, está protegida por el derecho de autor. Dado el riesgo de comportamientos estratégicos de partes privadas que oculten el uso de I.A. y/o reescriban las instrucciones usadas a posteriori, parece inevitable que la judicatura se aleje de la premisa implícita de que lo que parece creativo debe haber sido creado por un autor humano mediante decisiones creativas. Probablemente, a los (pretendidos) autores se les pedirá cada vez más que demuestren que tomaron tales decisiones creativas. Esto, a su vez, corre el riesgo de aumentar la carga de la prueba para los autores “de vieja escuela” que no utilizan I.A.
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